ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the input and output status of health resources in primary medical and health institutions and their allocation efficiency in different regions of China, and to provide an empirical basis for optimizing the allocation of primary medical and health resources in China among regions.Methods:The input index data (number of beds and number of health personnel) and output index data (number of primary medical and health institutions visits, number of family health services, number of hospital admissions) of primary medical and health institutions in China in 2020 were extracted from the China Health Statistical Yearbook 2021. Based on the BCC ( Banker, Charnes, Cooper) model of data envelopment analysis ( DEA), the Bootstrap- DEA method was used to correct bias, the allocation efficiency of primary medical and health resources in 31 provinces was calculated and the regional differences were analyzed. Results:After bias correction, the technical efficiency (TE) of resource allocation in primary medical and health institutions decreased by 0.102. The average TE score of all 31 primary medical and health institutions was 0.669, indicating a serious problem of ineffective use of technology. The TE of the eastern, central and western regions was 0.694, 0.663, and 0.649 respectively. There was obvious polarization in the central regions.Further analysis of the efficiency improvement of non DEA efficient provinces showed that 2 DEA weakly efficient provinces and 16 DEA ineffective provinces had several reference provinces for efficiency configuration improvement; The provinces that have been referenced more than 10 times were Zhejiang, Chongqing, Sichuan, and Ningxia, while the provinces that were listed as the first reference by other provinces were Ningxia, Chongqing, Zhejiang, and Tibet.Conclusions:The resource allocation efficiency of primary medical and health institutions in China is relatively low, and regional differences are obvious. The balance between different inputs and outputs should be considered when allocating the resources. Non DEA effective provinces can use DEA analysis to find the most suitable reference object and make reference improvements in the short term.
ABSTRACT
Objective From the angle of skeletal muscle ultrastructure and free radical metabolism,the paper explored the effect of vitamin E on skeletal muscle's damage after eccentric exercise.Methods 48 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group,the sport group,the physiological saline group,and the vitamin E group.The model of animals was made by a bout of eccentric exercise on a treadmill.After the training,triceps brachiies were extracted from the right side of rats.Parts of triceps brachiies were made for microelectric slices,the others for the extracting of SR by the method of centrifugation at different speeds and for measuring the content of MDA and activity of SOD.Results In the vitamin E group,the muscular ultrastructures damage were improved obviously compared with that of the physiological saline group.Meanwhile,the value of MDA in the vitamin E group was greatly decreased and activity of SOD was notably increased compared with the sport group and the physiological saline group,but still worse than those of the control group.Conclusions Supplying of vitamin E could decrease the content of MDA in SR of skeletal muscle,increase the activity of SOD,then further relieve the effect of free radical on athletic injury.